This study empirically examines the issue on whether countries that target inflation systematically experience higher exchange rate volatility. A major challenge that immediately confronts such analysis is that countries do not choose their monetary regimes in a random fashion. In this paper an attempt is made to take into account the problem of self-selection in the countries decision to target inflation via a treatment effect regression that estimates jointly the probability of being an inflation targeter and the outcome equation. The analysis indicates that nominal and real exchange rate volatility are both lower in inflation targeting countries than countries that do not target inflation. More importantly the analysis also suggest that developing countries that target inflation have lower nominal and real exchange rate volatility than non-inflation targeting developing countries. In the case of inflation targeting industrial countries however it is found to be higher. This paper has been accepted by the International Economic Journal (Taylor & Francis) for publication.
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