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(WP1/2025) Challenges Ahead in Implementing Central Banks’ Sustainable Practices: A Survey from the Banque de France and Asian Central Banks

This paper investigates the growing role of central banks in promoting sustainable policymaking, with a focus on strategies for mitigating climate risk through financial choices. It underscores the... Read More
Author(s): Meltem Chadwick and Jonathan Thebault
Published Date: May 2025
Working Papers

(WP1/2025) Challenges Ahead in Implementing Central Banks’ Sustainable Practices: A Survey from the Banque de France and Asian Central Banks

This paper investigates the growing role of central banks in promoting sustainable policymaking, with a focus on strategies for mitigating climate risk through financial choices. It underscores the...

Author(s): Meltem Chadwick and Jonathan Thebault

Published Date: May 2025

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(WP15/2016)Quantitative Easing and Tapering Uncertainty: Evidence from Twitter

 In this paper we analyze the extent to which people’s changing beliefs about the timing of the exit from Quantitative Easing (“tapering”) impact asset prices. To quantify be...

Author(s): Annette Meinusch and Peter Tillmann

Published Date: August 2016

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(WP14/2016) Empirical Investigation into the Path-Goal Leadership Theory in the Central Bank Fraternity: Leadership Styles and Job Satisfaction

The paper attempts to investigate the validity of the Path-Goal leadership theory in the central bank fraternity, in particular the relationship between leader style and job satisfaction. From the ...

Author(s): Lim Choon Yang and Vincent Lim CS

Published Date: April 2016

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(WP13/2016) Living with Volatilities: Capital Flows and Policy Implications for SEACEN Central Banks

Economies with less developed financial markets might find their integration into global financial markets associated with volatility in capital flows. Such variability can prove to be disruptive t...

Author(s): Chris Becker

Published Date: February 2016

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(WP12/2015) Enhancing Bank Supervision in Asia: Lessons Learnt from the Financial Criisis

The global financial crisis underlined that sound and effective bank regulation is vital to financial stability. Assessments of the global financial crisis invariably point to ineffective finance r...

Author(s): Michael J. Zamorski and Minsoo Lee

Published Date: November 2015

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(WP11/2015) Capital Market Development and Emergence of Institutional Investors in the Asia-Pacific Region

 Bank credit is traditionally the largest source of finance in the Asia-Pacific region, but the role of capital markets has increased over time. There is substantial heterogeneity across count...

Author(s): Hans Genberg

Published Date: October 2015

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(WP10/2015) Challenges for Inflation Targeting

This paper raises a very important question for inflation targeting (IT) central banks. Given the multiple objectives, should financial stability be an implicit objective of IT? It is argued that o...

Author(s): Delano S. Villanueva

Published Date: October 2015

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(WP9/2015) Implementing Macroprudential Policies: Challenges, Pitfalls and Way Forward

Central banks have increasingly been given explicit financial stability mandates and as a result, macroprudential policies have become the buzz word in central bank and regulatory circles as well a...

Author(s): Hans Genberg and Michael Zamorski

Published Date: |June 2015

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(WP8/2015) Building on the Countercyclical Consensus: An Empirical Test

Countercyclical capital buffer (CCCB) has been incorporated in the Basel III framework with the aim of ensuring that banking sector capital requirements take account of the macro-financial environm...

Author(s): aurabh Ghosh

Published Date: April 2015

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(WP7/2014) The Global Financial Crisis and Transmission Channels: An International Network Analysis

This paper analyzes the effects of the trade and financial networks on the propagation of the global financial crisis of 2008. We adopt a new methodology that incorporates a dynamic network approac...

Author(s): Changmo Ahn, Gyemin Lee and Dongkoo Chang

Published Date: August 2014

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(WP6/2014) Alternative Monetary Policy Frameworks for Price and Financial Stability

With revolutionary changes of the financial environment, due in particular to the progress of information and communication technology and the aftermath of the global financial crisis, central bank...

Author(s): Pages 18

Published Date: June 2014

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(WP5/2014) Monetary Policy Towards Inclusive Growth: The Case Of Korea

This paper investigates the impact of interest rate policy on employment using Korean data (1982.1/4~2012.4/4). Based on the analyses of impulse response functions, it was found that interest rate ...

Author(s): Dongkoo Chang and Jami’ah Jaffar

Published Date: May 2014

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(WP4/2014) Policy Strategy Towards Achieving Investment Grade Status for Emerging Economies

The paper discusses a possible policy strategy towards achieving an investment grade status for emerging economies. Through the use of an econometric model, it determines which among the macroecono...

Author(s): Eufrocinio M. Bernabe, Jr. and Dongkoo Chang

Published Date: May 2014

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(WP3/2014) Research-Integrated Learning: A Distinct Possibility

Can a research and training institute excel in both research (R)  and training (T) by crafting a “synergistic relationship” to produce what  Aristotle would say “the who...

Author(s): Choon-Seng Lim, Vincent and Seow Yun Yee

Published Date: March 2014

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(WP2/2014) Drivers Of Reserves Accumulation In The South East Asian Countries

Most of the developing countries in the past were striving to  maintain a comfortable level of foreign exchange reserves sufficient  to cover imports of goods and services. These days, se...

Author(s): Min B. Shrestha and Theresia A. Wansi

Published Date: March 2014

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(WP1/2014) Stock Market Performance: Foretelling and Crisis Signaling?

Based on our empirical results, using the Extreme Value theory, we conclude that stock market performance, particularly in times of vulnerabilities, does contain some information which may signal a...

Author(s): Choon-Seng Lim, Vincent and Nurulhuda Mohd. Hussain

Published Date: March 2014

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(WP2/2022) Taming the “Capital Flows-Credit Nexus”: A Sectoral Approach

Using novel datasets on both sectoral flows and policy measures, this paper underscores the importance of a granular sectoral approach in identifying the full range of connections between capital f...

Author(s): Daniel Carvalho, Etienne Lepers, Rogelio Mercado, Jr.

Published Date: August 2022

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(WP1/2022) US Dollar Dominance in Asia’s Trade Invoicing

This paper assesses the covariation between GVCs and MNCs with US dollar share in trade invoicing for Asia and Pacific economies. The results show that Asia and Pacific economies with greater GVC p...

Author(s): Rogelio Mercado, Jr, Ryan Jacildo and Sanchita Basu Das

Published Date: July 2022

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(WP2/2021) Effects of Monetary Policy Communication in Emerging Market Economies: Evidence from Malaysia

By conducting a high-frequency event study similar to Gürkaynak et al. (2005), we find that two factors are needed to adequately capture the effects of monetary policy announcements for a non-...

Author(s): Özer Karagedikli and Sui-Jade Ho

Published Date: August 2021

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(WP1/2021) Machine Learning and Central Banks: Ready for Prime Time?

In this article we review what machine learning might have to offer central banks as an analytical approach to support monetary policy decisions. After describing the central bank’s “pr...

Author(s): Özer Karagedikli and Hans Genberg

Published Date: March 2021

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(WP4/2020) Sectoral Capital Flows: Covariates, Co-movements, and Controls

This paper assembles a comprehensive sectoral capital flows dataset for 64 advanced and emerging economies from 2000-18, including direct, portfolio, and other investment to and from central banks ...

Author(s): Etienne Lepers, Rogelio Mercado, Jr

Published Date: June 2020

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(WP3/2020) The Effectiveness of Currency Intervention in a Commodity-Exporter: Evidence From Mongolia

A new SEACEN Working Paper by Victor Pontines and co-authors from Bank of Mongolia, namely, Davaajargal Luvsannyam, Enkhjin Atarbaatar, Ulziikhutag Munkhtsetseg is now available. The paper titled &...

Author(s): Victor Pontines, Davaajargal Luvsannyam, Enkhjin Atarbaatar, Ulziikhutag Munkhtsetseg

Published Date: March 2020

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(WP2/2020) Weighing up the Credit-to-GDP gap: A cautionary note

A new SEACEN Working Paper by Özer Karagedikli and Ole Rummel titled “Weighing up the Credit-to-GDP gap: A cautionary note” is now available. The authors take a look at the weights...

Author(s): Özer Karagedikli and Ole Rummel

Published Date: February 2020

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(WP1/2020) The Real Effects of Loan-To-Value Limits: Empirical Evidence from Korea

A new SEACEN working paper, by Victor Pontines, adds to a recent and growing literature that assesses the effects of macroprudential policy. The effects of LTV ratio shocks in Korea were identified...

Author(s): Dr. Victor Pontines

Published Date: January 2020

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(WP3/2019) Financial Flows Centrality: Empirical Evidence Using Bilateral Capital Flows

A new SEACEN working paper, by Rogelio Mercado and Shanty Noviantie, considers the varying significance of network systemic and idiosyncratic factors in explaining an economy’s financial cent...

Author(s): Rogelio V. Mercado, Jr & Shanty Noviantie

Published Date: December 2019

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(WP2/2019) A Provincial View of Consumption Risk Sharing: Asset Classes as Shock Absorbers

Using a unique data on provincial net factor income flows disaggregated across the three asset classes of debt, equity and FDI reinvested earnings in Korea, we investigated how these asset channels...

Author(s): Dr. Victor Pontines

Published Date: February 2019

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(WP1/2019) The Currency Composition of International Portfolio Assets

In this paper, we empirically assess the importance of gravity-type variables and measures of macroeconomic and financial volatilities in explaining portfolio holdings denominated across the main g...

Author(s): Rogelio V. Mercado, Jr., Caroline Mehigan and Vahagn Galstyan

Published Date: January 2019

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(WP7/2018) The Macroeconomic Response to Real and Financial factors, Commodity Prices, and Monetary Policy: International Evidence

This study estimates a variety of small dynamic factor macro models where the factors are time-varying. Different assumptions are made about the long-run impact of these shocks, including allowing ...

Author(s): Pierre L. Siklos

Published Date: October 2018

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(WP6/2018) Bilateral Capital Flows: Gravity, Push, and Pull

Using bilateral capital flows data from 10 advanced reporting economies—with over 186 bilateral country pairs—for 2000 to 2016, this paper provides strong evidence on the significance o...

Author(s): Dr. Rogelio Mercado, Jr

Published Date: September 2018

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(WP5/2018) Macroprudential Policies in SEACEN Economies

This study estimates the effect of macroprudential policy changes on bank credit growth. The general pattern of the evidence from SEACEN economies suggests that credit-related macroprudential polic...

Author(s): Jugnu Ansari

Published Date: August 2018

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(WP4/2018) Household Debt in SEACEN Economies

This research paper focuses on the increase in household debt that many SEACEN economies have been experiencing since the 2010. In particular, the paper shed lights on the link between house prices...

Author(s): Maria Teresa Punzi

Published Date: August 2018

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(WP3/2018) Self-selection and Treatment Effects in Macroeconomics: Revisiting the Effectiveness of Foreign Exchange Intervention

Along the lines of the treatment effects literature, this paper empirically revisits the issue of the so-called “intervention effect”, i.e., the effectiveness of official foreign exchan...

Author(s): Victor Pontines

Published Date: March 2018

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(WP2/2018) Bilateral Capital Flows: Transaction Patterns and Gravity

Holdings of cross-border bilateral assets are highly responsive to information frictions, market size, transaction costs, and trade ties.  But empirical support using transactions data are con...

Author(s): Rogelio Mercado, Jr.

Published Date: February 2018

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(WP1/2018) Financial Inclusion: New Measurement and Cross-Country Impact Assessment

This paper introduces a new index of financial inclusion for 151 economies using principal component analysis to compute weights for aggregating 9 indicators of access, availability, and usage. It ...

Author(s): Cyn-Young Park and Rogelio Mercado Jr.

Published Date: January 2018

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(WP28/2017) Extracting and Measuring Periodicities of Credit and Housing Cycles: Evidence from Eight Economies

This paper employs the Empirical Mode Decomposition technique to extract the credit and housing cycles in the four emerging East Asian economies of Hong Kong, Korea, Malaysia and Thailand, and thes...

Author(s): Victor Pontines

Published Date: December 2017

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(WP27/2017) Are Capital Inflows Expansionary or Contractionary in the Philippines ?

This paper sets out to assess whether gross capital inflows to the Philippines are expansionary or contractionary in line with the model predictions and empirical findings of Blanchard et al. (2015...

Author(s): Rogelio Mercado, Jr.

Published Date: October 2017

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(WP26/2017) Domestic Factors and Episodes of Gross Capital Inflows

This paper extends the literature on gross capital flows by looking into domestic factors that covary significantly with cross-country differences in the transitional likelihoods of moving between ...

Author(s): Rogelio Mercado, Jr.

Published Date: September 2017

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(WP25/2017) Global Shocks and Risk to Financial Stability in Asia

Asian emerging market economies have recovered relatively well from the Great Recession of 2008-09. Emerging Asia has been quite successful in maintaining both macroeconomic and financial stabili...

Author(s): Hans Genberg

Published Date: August 2017

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(WP24/2017) Stress Testing – An Overview of Global Best Practice and Areas for Future Improvement

Stress testing has become one of the key prudential tools for Central Banks and Regulators following the financial crisis in the US, Europe and UK during 2007-2009. That period highlighted the inad...

Author(s): Aziz Durrani

Published Date: July 2017

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(WP22/2017) Financial Integration in Asia

 This paper provides a review and appraisal of financial integration initiatives and outcomes in Asia. For the purposes of the paper, the term Asia refers to economies in a geographical area s...

Author(s): Hans Genberg

Published Date: May 2017

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(WP23/2017) Press Releases and MPC Minutes: Are They One And The Same

 In this research, using Content Analysis, we examine 48 minutes of the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) and press releases of the Bank of Thailand from 2011 to 2016 and from 2008 to 2016, resp...

Author(s): Vincent Lim CS

Published Date: June 2017

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(WP21/2017) The Great Financial Crisis and Its Aftermath: A Perspective From Asia

Compared to advance economies in the West, Asian emerging market have recovered relatively well from the Great Recession of 2008-09 A contributory factor were lessons learned from the Asian Financi...

Author(s): Hans Genberg

Published Date: April 2017

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(WP20/2017) The Role of Institutional Investors In Financing Development in Asia and The Pacific

The developing world needs the equivalent of USD 1 to 1.5 trillion per year in finance for infrastructure development expenditures to reach the millennium development goals by 2030. Given this chal...

Author(s): Hans Genberg

Published Date: April 2017

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(WP19/2017) Asymmetric Exchange Rate Pass-Through: Evidence From The Philippines

Exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) measures the effect on inflation of the changes in the exchange rate. In contrast to the relative richness of available literature on ERPT, more recent studies tha...

Author(s): Vic Delloro, Eloisa T. Glindro and Sarah Jane Alarcon

Published Date: April 2017

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(WP18/2017) Inflation in India: Behavior of Major Components

Understanding the effect of monetary policy (change in interest rate) on several sub-components of inflation, as some of them are believed to be dominated by other than demand-side dynamics, is imp...

Author(s): . Gangadaran

Published Date: February 2017

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(WP17/2016)The Financial Cycles in Four East Asian Economies

This paper characterizes proxy measures of financial cycles using available data on four East Asian economies, viz., Hong Kong, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand. Spectral analysis is ado...

Author(s): Dr. Victor Pontines

Published Date: December 2016

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(WP16/2016) Foreign Currency Borrowing, Exports and Firm Performance: Evidence from a Currency Crisis

 It is well documented that before the East Asian 1997 crisis both the banking and corporate sectors of many Asian economies had become fragile through the accumulation of short-term debt that...

Author(s): Spiros Bougheas, Hosung Lim, Simona Mateut, Paul Mizen and Cihan Yalcin

Published Date: July 2016

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(WP4/2024) Temperature, precipitation and food price inflation: Evidence from a panel of countries

In the paper, Meltem and Hulya address a significant gap in the existing literature, which is the association between weather variables, i.e., temperature and precipitation, and food price inflatio...

Author(s): Meltem Chadwick and Hulya Saygili

Published Date: November 2024

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(WP3/2024) Stablecoins: Business Model, Systemic Risks and Policy Perspectives

Stablecoins serve as the nominal anchor against which prices of crypto assets are quoted and traded. But following the failures of the stablecoin Terra and the FTX crypto exchange in 2022, regulato...

Author(s): richander Ramaswamy

Published Date: April 2024

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(WP2/2024) Multi-Sector Bond Funds: New Evidence on Global and Domestic Drivers and Effectiveness of Capital Account Measures

This paper uses MSBF flows dataset to assess capital flows push and pull factors and to provide new evidence on the effectiveness of capital account tightening measures. The results show: (i) highe...

Author(s): Rogelio Mercado Jr. and Luca Sanfilippo

Published Date: April 2024

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(WP1/2024) Could Uncapped and Unremunerated CBDC Accounts Disintermediate Banks?

Retail CBDC so far has remained in Sandboxes. This working paper argues why they will continue to remain in Sandboxes so long the amounts one can hold is capped at a low level. Removing the cap on ...

Author(s): richander Ramaswamy

Published Date: January 2024

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(WP2/2023)External Commodity Shocks and the Insulating Role of Fiscal Policy on Real Output: Evidence from a Commodity-Exporting Economy

This study investigates the role of fiscal policy in stabilising resource-rich economies vulnerable to external  commodity  shocks, with a specific focus on Mongolia.  We analyse the...

Author(s): Victor Pontines and Davaajargal Luvsannyam

Published Date: November 2023

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(WP1/2023) Inflation, Monetary Policy and the Sacrifice Ratio: The Case of Southeast Asia

This working paper examines the sacrifice ratio, i.e., the percentage cost of actual production lost to every one percentage point decrease in (trend) inflation, for selected Southeast Asian econom...

Author(s): Leef H. Dierks

Published Date: July 2023

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(WP5/2022) The Currency Composition of Asia’s International Investments

This paper examines the importance of trade ties, macro-financial volatilities, and US dollar trade invoicing in explaining Asia’s international investment assets and liabilities denominated ...

Author(s): Rogelio Mercado, Jr and Paulo Rodelio Halili

Published Date: November 2022

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(WP4/2022) Portfolio capital flows and the US dollar exchange rate: Viewed from the lens of time and frequency dynamics of connectedness

Using high-frequency, proprietary data on daily net non-resident portfolio flows to emerging markets, our study finds in the time domain connectedness framework that, to varying degrees, there is l...

Author(s): Mangal Goswami, Victor Pontines, and Yassier Mohammed

Published Date: October 2022

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(WP3/2022) Which Financial Inclusion Indicators and Dimensions Matter for Income Inequality? A Bayesian Model Averaging Approach

This paper employs Bayesian model averaging (BMA) and uses posterior inclusion probability (PIP) values to evaluate which financial inclusion indicators, dimensions, and other determinants of incom...

Author(s): Rogelio Mercado, Jr and Victor Pontines

Published Date: October 2022

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